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 /*

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER.

  *

  * Copyright 2017 Mike Becker, Olaf Wintermann All rights reserved.

  *

  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

  *

  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

  *

  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

  *      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

  *

  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"

  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE

  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE

  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE

  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR

  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF

  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS

  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN

  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)

  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE

  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

  */

 /**

  * Doubly linked list implementation.

  * 

  * @file   list.h

  * @author Mike Becker

  * @author Olaf Wintermann

  */

 #ifndef UCX_LIST_H

 #define	UCX_LIST_H

 #include "ucx.h"

 #include "allocator.h"

 #ifdef	__cplusplus

 extern "C" {

 #endif

 /**

  * Loop statement for UCX lists.

  * 

  * The first argument is the name of the iteration variable. The scope of

  * this variable is limited to the <code>UCX_FOREACH</code> statement.

  * 

  * The second argument is a pointer to the list. In most cases this will be the

  * pointer to the first element of the list, but it may also be an arbitrary

  * element of the list. The iteration will then start with that element.

  * 

  * @param list The first element of the list

  * @param elem The variable name of the element

  */

 #define UCX_FOREACH(elem,list) \

         for (UcxList* elem = list ; elem != NULL ; elem = elem->next)

 /**

  * UCX list type.

  * @see UcxList

  */

 typedef struct UcxList UcxList;

 /**

  * UCX list structure.

  */

 struct UcxList {

     /**

      * List element payload.

      */

     void    *data;

     /**

      * Pointer to the next list element or <code>NULL</code>, if this is the

      * last element.

      */

     UcxList *next;

     /**

      * Pointer to the previous list element or <code>NULL</code>, if this is

      * the first element.

      */

     UcxList *prev;

 };

 /**

  * Creates an element-wise copy of a list.

  * 

  * This function clones the specified list by creating new list elements and

  * copying the data with the specified copy_func(). If no copy_func() is

  * specified, a shallow copy is created and the new list will reference the

  * same data as the source list.

  * 

  * @param list the list to copy

  * @param cpyfnc a pointer to the function that shall copy an element (may be

  * <code>NULL</code>)

  * @param data additional data for the copy_func()

  * @return a pointer to the copy

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_clone(UcxList *list, copy_func cpyfnc, void* data);

 /**

  * Creates an element-wise copy of a list using a UcxAllocator.

  * 

  * See ucx_list_clone() for details.

  * 

  * You might want to pass the allocator via the <code>data</code> parameter,

  * to access it within the copy function for making deep copies.

  * 

  * @param allocator the allocator to use

  * @param list the list to copy

  * @param cpyfnc a pointer to the function that shall copy an element (may be

  * <code>NULL</code>)

  * @param data additional data for the copy_func()

  * @return a pointer to the copy

  * @see ucx_list_clone()

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_clone_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list,

         copy_func cpyfnc, void* data);

 /**

  * Compares two UCX lists element-wise by using a compare function.

  * 

  * Each element of the two specified lists are compared by using the specified

  * compare function and the additional data. The type and content of this

  * additional data depends on the cmp_func() used.

  * 

  * If the list pointers denote elements within a list, the lists are compared

  * starting with the denoted elements. Thus any previous elements are not taken

  * into account. This might be useful to check, if certain list tails match

  * each other.

  * 

  * @param list1 the first list

  * @param list2 the second list

  * @param cmpfnc the compare function

  * @param data additional data for the compare function

  * @return 1, if and only if the two lists equal element-wise, 0 otherwise

  */

 int ucx_list_equals(const UcxList *list1, const UcxList *list2,

         cmp_func cmpfnc, void* data);

 /**

  * Destroys the entire list.

  * 

  * The members of the list are not automatically freed, so ensure they are

  * otherwise referenced or destroyed by ucx_list_free_contents().

  * Otherwise, a memory leak is likely to occur.

  * 

  * <b>Caution:</b> the argument <b>MUST</b> denote an entire list (i.e. a call

  * to ucx_list_first() on the argument must return the argument itself)

  * 

  * @param list the list to free

  * @see ucx_list_free_contents()

  */

 void ucx_list_free(UcxList *list);

 /**

  * Destroys the entire list using a UcxAllocator.

  * 

  * See ucx_list_free() for details.

  * 

  * @param allocator the allocator to use

  * @param list the list to free

  * @see ucx_list_free()

  */

 void ucx_list_free_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list);

 /**

  * Destroys the contents of the specified list by calling the specified

  * destructor on each of them.

  * 

  * Note, that the contents are not usable afterwards and the list should be

  * destroyed with ucx_list_free().

  * 

  * @param list the list for which the contents shall be freed

  * @param destr the destructor function (e.g. stdlib free())

  * @see ucx_list_free()

  */

 void ucx_list_free_content(UcxList* list, ucx_destructor destr);

 /**

  * Inserts an element at the end of the list.

  * 

  * This is generally an O(n) operation, as the end of the list is retrieved with

  * ucx_list_last().

  * 

  * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to

  * create a new list

  * @param data the data to insert

  * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to

  * the newly created list otherwise

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_append(UcxList *list, void *data);

 /**

  * Inserts an element at the end of the list using a UcxAllocator.

  * 

  * See ucx_list_append() for details.

  * 

  * @param allocator the allocator to use

  * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to

  * create a new list

  * @param data the data to insert

  * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to

  * the newly created list otherwise

  * @see ucx_list_append()

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_append_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list, void *data);

 /**

  * Inserts an element at the end of the list, if it is not present in the list.

  * 

  * 

  * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to

  * create a new list

  * @param data the data to insert

  * @param cmpfnc the compare function

  * @param cmpdata additional data for the compare function

  * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to

  * the newly created list otherwise

  * @see ucx_list_append()

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_append_once(UcxList *list, void *data,

         cmp_func cmpfnc, void *cmpdata);

 /**

  * Inserts an element at the end of the list, if it is not present in the list,

  * using a UcxAllocator.

  * 

  * See ucx_list_append() for details.

  * 

  * @param allocator the allocator to use

  * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to

  * create a new list

  * @param data the data to insert

  * @param cmpfnc the compare function

  * @param cmpdata additional data for the compare function

  * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to

  * the newly created list otherwise

  * @see ucx_list_append_a()

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_append_once_a(UcxAllocator *allocator,

         UcxList *list, void *data, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *cmpdata);

 /**

  * Inserts an element at the beginning of the list.

  * 

  * You <i>should</i> overwrite the old list pointer by calling

  * <code>mylist = ucx_list_prepend(mylist, mydata);</code>. However, you may

  * also perform successive calls of ucx_list_prepend() on the same list pointer,

  * as this function always searchs for the head of the list with

  * ucx_list_first().

  * 

  * @param list the list where to insert the data or <code>NULL</code> to create

  * a new list

  * @param data the data to insert

  * @return a pointer to the new list head

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_prepend(UcxList *list, void *data);

 /**

  * Inserts an element at the beginning of the list using a UcxAllocator.

  * 

  * See ucx_list_prepend() for details.

  * 

  * @param allocator the allocator to use

  * @param list the list where to insert the data or <code>NULL</code> to create

  * a new list

  * @param data the data to insert

  * @return a pointer to the new list head

  * @see ucx_list_prepend()

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_prepend_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list, void *data);

 /**

  * Concatenates two lists.

  * 

  * Either of the two arguments may be <code>NULL</code>.

  * 

  * This function modifies the references to the next/previous element of

  * the last/first element of <code>list1</code>/<code>

  * list2</code>.

  * 

  * @param list1 first list

  * @param list2 second list

  * @return if <code>list1</code> is <code>NULL</code>, <code>list2</code> is

  * returned, otherwise <code>list1</code> is returned

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_concat(UcxList *list1, UcxList *list2);

 /**

  * Returns the first element of a list.

  * 

  * If the argument is the list pointer, it is directly returned. Otherwise

  * this function traverses to the first element of the list and returns the

  * list pointer.

  * 

  * @param elem one element of the list

  * @return the first element of the list, the specified element is a member of

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_first(const UcxList *elem);

 /**

  * Returns the last element of a list.

  * 

  * If the argument has no successor, it is the last element and therefore

  * directly returned. Otherwise this function traverses to the last element of

  * the list and returns it.

  * 

  * @param elem one element of the list

  * @return the last element of the list, the specified element is a member of

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_last(const UcxList *elem);

 /**

  * Returns the list element at the specified index.

  * 

  * @param list the list to retrieve the element from

  * @param index index of the element to return

  * @return the element at the specified index or <code>NULL</code>, if the

  * index is greater than the list size

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_get(const UcxList *list, size_t index);

 /**

  * Returns the index of an element.

  * 

  * @param list the list where to search for the element

  * @param elem the element to find

  * @return the index of the element or -1 if the list does not contain the

  * element

  */

 ssize_t ucx_list_indexof(const UcxList *list, const UcxList *elem);

 /**

  * Returns the element count of the list.

  * 

  * @param list the list whose elements are counted

  * @return the element count

  */

 size_t ucx_list_size(const UcxList *list);

 /**

  * Returns the index of an element containing the specified data.

  *

  * This function uses a cmp_func() to compare the data of each list element

  * with the specified data. If no cmp_func is provided, the pointers are

  * compared.

  * 

  * If the list contains the data more than once, the index of the first

  * occurrence is returned.

  *  

  * @param list the list where to search for the data

  * @param elem the element data

  * @param cmpfnc the compare function

  * @param data additional data for the compare function

  * @return the index of the element containing the specified data or -1 if the

  * data is not found in this list

  */

 ssize_t ucx_list_find(UcxList *list, void *elem, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *data);

 /**

  * Checks, if a list contains a specific element.

  * 

  * An element is found, if ucx_list_find() returns a value greater than -1.

  * 

  * @param list the list where to search for the data

  * @param elem the element data

  * @param cmpfnc the compare function

  * @param data additional data for the compare function

  * @return 1, if and only if the list contains the specified element data

  * @see ucx_list_find()

  */

 int ucx_list_contains(UcxList *list, void *elem, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *data);

 /**

  * Sorts a UcxList with natural merge sort.

  * 

  * This function uses O(n) additional temporary memory for merge operations

  * that is automatically freed after each merge.

  * 

  * As the head of the list might change, you <b>MUST</b> call this function

  * as follows: <code>mylist = ucx_list_sort(mylist, mycmpfnc, mydata);</code>.

  * 

  * @param list the list to sort

  * @param cmpfnc the function that shall be used to compare the element data

  * @param data additional data for the cmp_func()

  * @return the sorted list

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_sort(UcxList *list, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *data);

 /**

  * Removes an element from the list.

  * 

  * If the first element is removed, the list pointer changes. So it is

  * <i>highly recommended</i> to <i>always</i> update the pointer by calling

  * <code>mylist = ucx_list_remove(mylist, myelem);</code>.

  * 

  * @param list the list from which the element shall be removed

  * @param element the element to remove

  * @return returns the updated list pointer or <code>NULL</code>, if the list

  * is now empty

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_remove(UcxList *list, UcxList *element);

 /**

  * Removes an element from the list using a UcxAllocator.

  * 

  * See ucx_list_remove() for details.

  * 

  * @param allocator the allocator to use

  * @param list the list from which the element shall be removed

  * @param element the element to remove

  * @return returns the updated list pointer or <code>NULL</code>, if the list

  * @see ucx_list_remove()

  */

 UcxList *ucx_list_remove_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list,

         UcxList *element);

 #ifdef	__cplusplus

 }

 #endif

 #endif	/* UCX_LIST_H */