ucx: src/ucx/string.h@be0f6bd10b52 (annotated)

src/ucx/string.h@be0f6bd10b52 (annotated)

src/ucx/string.h

Mon, 14 May 2018 19:24:34 +0200

author: Mike Becker <universe@uap-core.de>
date: Mon, 14 May 2018 19:24:34 +0200
changeset 316: be0f6bd10b52
parent 315: 5b97de37aada
child 318: 348fd9cb7b14
permissions: -rw-r--r--

adjusts documentation of UCX string types, converters, and constructors

 /*
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER.
  *
  * Copyright 2017 Mike Becker, Olaf Wintermann All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  *
  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  *
  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  *      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
 /**
  * Bounded string implementation.
  *
  * The UCX strings (<code>sstr_t</code>) provide an alternative to C strings.
  * The main difference to C strings is, that <code>sstr_t</code> does <b>not
  * need to be <code>NULL</code>-terminated</b>. Instead the length is stored
  * within the structure.
  *
  * When using <code>sstr_t</code>, developers must be full aware of what type
  * of string (<code>NULL</code>-terminated) or not) they are using, when
  * accessing the <code>char* ptr</code> directly.
  *
  * The UCX string module provides some common string functions, known from
  * standard libc, working with <code>sstr_t</code>.
  *
  * @file   string.h
  * @author Mike Becker
  * @author Olaf Wintermann
  */
 #ifndef UCX_STRING_H
 #define	UCX_STRING_H
 #include "ucx.h"
 #include "allocator.h"
 #include <stddef.h>
 /** Shortcut for a <code>sstr_t struct</code> literal. */
 #define ST(s) { (char*)s, sizeof(s)-1 }
 /** Shortcut for the conversion of a C string to a <code>sstr_t</code>. */
 #define S(s) sstrn((char*)s, sizeof(s)-1)
 /** Expands a sstr_t or scstr_t to printf arguments. */
 #define SFMT(s) (int) (s).length, (s).ptr
 /** Format specifier for a sstr_t or scstr_t. */
 #define PRIsstr ".*s"
 #ifdef	__cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 /**
  * The UCX string structure.
  */
 typedef struct {
    /** A pointer to the string
     * (<b>not necessarily <code>NULL</code>-terminated</b>) */
     char *ptr;
     /** The length of the string */
     size_t length;
 } sstr_t;
 /**
  * The UCX string structure for immutable (constant) strings.
  */
 typedef struct {
     /** A constant pointer to the immutable string
      * (<b>not necessarily <code>NULL</code>-terminated</b>) */
     const char *ptr;
     /** The length of the string */
     size_t length;
 } scstr_t;
 #ifdef	__cplusplus
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 inline scstr_t s2scstr(sstr_t s) {
     scstr_t c;
     c.ptr = s.ptr;
     c.length = s.ptr;
     return c;
 }
 inline scstr_t s2scstr(scstr_t c) {
     return c;
 }
 #define SCSTR s2scstr
 #else
 /**
  * One of two type adjustment functions that return a scstr_t.
  *
  * Used internally to cast a UCX string to an immutable UCX string.
  * This variant is used, when the string is already immutable and no operation
  * needs to be performed.
  *
  * @param str some scstr_t
  * @return the argument itself
  */
 scstr_t ucx_sc2sc(scstr_t str);
 /**
  * One of two type adjustment functions that return a scstr_t.
  *
  * Used internally to cast a UCX string to an immutable UCX string.
  *
  * @param str some sstr_t
  * @return an immutable (scstr_t) version of the provided string.
  */
 scstr_t ucx_ss2sc(sstr_t str);
 #if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L
 /**
  * Casts a UCX string to an immutable UCX string (scstr_t).
  * @param str some UCX string
  * @return the an immutable version of the provided string
  */
 #define SCSTR(str) _Generic(str, sstr_t: ucx_ss2sc, scstr_t: ucx_sc2sc)(str)
 #elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
 /**
  * Casts a UCX string to an immutable UCX string (scstr_t).
  * @param str some UCX string
  * @return the an immutable version of the provided string
  */
 #define SCSTR(str) __builtin_choose_expr( \
         __builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(str), sstr_t), \
         ucx_ss2sc, \
         ucx_sc2sc)(str)
 #elif defined(__sun)
 /**
  * Casts a UCX string to an immutable UCX string (scstr_t).
  * @param str some UCX string
  * @return the an immutable version of the provided string
  */
 #define SCSTR(str) ({typeof(str) ucx_tmp_var_str = str; \
 	scstr_t ucx_tmp_var_c; \
 	ucx_tmp_var_c.ptr = ucx_tmp_var_str.ptr;\
 	ucx_tmp_var_c.length = ucx_tmp_var_str.length;\
 	ucx_tmp_var_c; })
 #else /* no generics and no builtins */
 /**
  * Casts a UCX string to an immutable UCX string (scstr_t).
  *
  * This internal function (ab)uses the C standard an expects one single
  * argument which is then implicitly casted to scstr_t without a warning.
  *
  * @return the an immutable version of the provided string
  */
 scstr_t ucx_ss2c_s();
 /**
  * Casts a UCX string to an immutable UCX string (scstr_t).
  * @param str some UCX string
  * @return the an immutable version of the provided string
  */
 #define SCSTR(str) ucx_ss2c_s(str)
 #endif /* C11 feature test */
 #endif /* C++ */
 #ifdef	__cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 /**
  * Creates a new sstr_t based on a C string.
  *
  * The length is implicitly inferred by using a call to <code>strlen()</code>.
  *
  * <b>Note:</b> the sstr_t will hold a <i>reference</i> to the C string. If you
  * do want a copy, use sstrdup() on the return value of this function.
  *
  * If you need to wrap a constant string, use scstr().
  *
  * @param cstring the C string to wrap
  * @return a new sstr_t containing the C string
  *
  * @see sstrn()
  */
 sstr_t sstr(char *cstring);
 /**
  * Creates a new sstr_t of the specified length based on a C string.
  *
  * <b>Note:</b> the sstr_t will hold a <i>reference</i> to the C string. If you
  * do want a copy, use sstrdup() on the return value of this function.
  *
  * If you need to wrap a constant string, use scstrn().
  *
  * @param cstring  the C string to wrap
  * @param length   the length of the string
  * @return a new sstr_t containing the C string
  *
  * @see sstr()
  * @see S()
  */
 sstr_t sstrn(char *cstring, size_t length);
 /**
  * Creates a new scstr_t based on a constant C string.
  *
  * The length is implicitly inferred by using a call to <code>strlen()</code>.
  *
  * <b>Note:</b> the scstr_t will hold a <i>reference</i> to the C string. If you
  * do want a copy, use scstrdup() on the return value of this function.
  *
  * @param cstring the C string to wrap
  * @return a new scstr_t containing the C string
  *
  * @see scstrn()
  */
 scstr_t scstr(const char *cstring);
 /**
  * Creates a new scstr_t of the specified length based on a constant C string.
  *
  * <b>Note:</b> the scstr_t will hold a <i>reference</i> to the C string. If you
  * do want a copy, use scstrdup() on the return value of this function.
  *
  *
  * @param cstring  the C string to wrap
  * @param length   the length of the string
  * @return a new scstr_t containing the C string
  *
  * @see scstr()
  */
 scstr_t scstrn(const char *cstring, size_t length);
 /**
  * Returns the cumulated length of all specified strings.
  *
  * At least one string must be specified.
  *
  * <b>Attention:</b> if the count argument does not match the count of the
  * specified strings, the behavior is undefined.
  *
  * @param count    the total number of specified strings (so at least 1)
  * @param string   the first string
  * @param ...      all other strings
  * @return the cumulated length of all strings
  */
 size_t ucx_strnlen(size_t count, ...);
 #define sstrnlen(count, ...) ucx_strnlen(count, __VA_ARGS__)
 /**
  * Concatenates two or more strings.
  *
  * The resulting string will be allocated by standard <code>malloc()</code>.
  * So developers <b>MUST</b> pass the sstr_t.ptr to <code>free()</code>.
  *
  * The sstr_t.ptr of the return value will <i>always</i> be <code>NULL</code>-
  * terminated.
  *
  * @param count   the total number of strings to concatenate
  * @param s1      first string
  * @param ...     all remaining strings
  * @return the concatenated string
  */
 sstr_t ucx_strcat(size_t count, scstr_t s1, ...);
 #define sstrcat(count, s1, ...) ucx_strcat(count, SCSTR(s1), __VA_ARGS__)
 /**
  * Concatenates two or more strings using a UcxAllocator.
  *
  * See sstrcat() for details.
  *
  * @param a       the allocator to use
  * @param count   the total number of strings to concatenate
  * @param s1      first string
  * @param ...     all remaining strings
  * @return the concatenated string
  */
 sstr_t ucx_strcat_a(UcxAllocator *a, size_t count, scstr_t s1, ...);
 #define sstrcat_a(count, s1, ...) ucx_strcat_a(count, SCSTR(s1), __VA_ARGS__)
 /**
  * Returns a substring starting at the specified location.
  *
  * <b>Attention:</b> the new string references the same memory area as the
  * input string and will <b>NOT</b> be <code>NULL</code>-terminated.
  * Use sstrdup() to get a copy.
  *
  * @param string input string
  * @param start  start location of the substring
  * @return a substring of <code>string</code> starting at <code>start</code>
  *
  * @see sstrsubsl()
  * @see sstrchr()
  */
 sstr_t sstrsubs(sstr_t string, size_t start);
 /**
  * Returns a substring with a maximum length starting at the specified location.
  *
  * <b>Attention:</b> the new string references the same memory area as the
  * input string and will <b>NOT</b> be <code>NULL</code>-terminated.
  * Use sstrdup() to get a copy.
  *
  * @param string input string
  * @param start  start location of the substring
  * @param length the maximum length of the substring
  * @return a substring of <code>string</code> starting at <code>start</code>
  * with a maximum length of <code>length</code>
  *
  * @see sstrsubs()
  * @see sstrchr()
  */
 sstr_t sstrsubsl(sstr_t string, size_t start, size_t length);
 scstr_t scstrsubs(scstr_t s, size_t start);
 scstr_t scstrsubsl(scstr_t string, size_t start, size_t length);
 int ucx_strchr(const char *string, size_t length, int chr, size_t *pos);
 int ucx_strrchr(const char *string, size_t length, int chr, size_t *pos);
 /**
  * Returns a substring starting at the location of the first occurrence of the
  * specified character.
  *
  * If the string does not contain the character, an empty string is returned.
  *
  * @param string the string where to locate the character
  * @param chr    the character to locate
  * @return       a substring starting at the first location of <code>chr</code>
  *
  * @see sstrsubs()
  */
 sstr_t sstrchr(sstr_t string, int chr);
 /**
  * Returns a substring starting at the location of the last occurrence of the
  * specified character.
  *
  * If the string does not contain the character, an empty string is returned.
  *
  * @param string the string where to locate the character
  * @param chr    the character to locate
  * @return       a substring starting at the last location of <code>chr</code>
  *
  * @see sstrsubs()
  */
 sstr_t sstrrchr(sstr_t string, int chr);
 scstr_t scstrchr(scstr_t string, int chr);
 scstr_t scstrrchr(scstr_t string, int chr);
 const char* ucx_strstr(
         const char *str,
         size_t length,
         const char *match,
         size_t matchlen,
         size_t *newlen);
 /**
  * Returns a substring starting at the location of the first occurrence of the
  * specified string.
  *
  * If the string does not contain the other string, an empty string is returned.
  *
  * If <code>match</code> is an empty string, the complete <code>string</code> is
  * returned.
  *
  * @param string the string to be scanned
  * @param match  string containing the sequence of characters to match
  * @return       a substring starting at the first occurrence of
  *               <code>match</code>, or an empty string, if the sequence is not
  *               present in <code>string</code>
  */
 sstr_t ucx_sstrstr(sstr_t string, scstr_t match);
 #define sstrstr(string, match) ucx_sstrstr(string, SCSTR(match))
 scstr_t ucx_scstrstr(scstr_t string, scstr_t match);
 #define scstrstr(string, match) ucx_scstrstr(string, SCSTR(match))
 /**
  * Splits a string into parts by using a delimiter string.
  *
  * This function will return <code>NULL</code>, if one of the following happens:
  * <ul>
  *   <li>the string length is zero</li>
  *   <li>the delimeter length is zero</li>
  *   <li>the string equals the delimeter</li>
  *   <li>memory allocation fails</li>
  * </ul>
  *
  * The integer referenced by <code>count</code> is used as input and determines
  * the maximum size of the resulting array, i.e. the maximum count of splits to
  * perform + 1.
  *
  * The integer referenced by <code>count</code> is also used as output and is
  * set to
  * <ul>
  *   <li>-2, on memory allocation errors</li>
  *   <li>-1, if either the string or the delimiter is an empty string</li>
  *   <li>0, if the string equals the delimiter</li>
  *   <li>1, if the string does not contain the delimiter</li>
  *   <li>the count of array items, otherwise</li>
  * </ul>
  *
  * If the string starts with the delimiter, the first item of the resulting
  * array will be an empty string.
  *
  * If the string ends with the delimiter and the maximum list size is not
  * exceeded, the last array item will be an empty string.
  * In case the list size would be exceeded, the last array item will be the
  * remaining string after the last split, <i>including</i> the terminating
  * delimiter.
  *
  * <b>Attention:</b> The array pointer <b>AND</b> all sstr_t.ptr of the array
  * items must be manually passed to <code>free()</code>. Use sstrsplit_a() with
  * an allocator to managed memory, to avoid this.
  *
  * @param string the string to split
  * @param delim  the delimiter string
  * @param count  IN: the maximum size of the resulting array (0 = no limit),
  *               OUT: the actual size of the array
  * @return a sstr_t array containing the split strings or
  *         <code>NULL</code> on error
  *
  * @see sstrsplit_a()
  */
 sstr_t* ucx_strsplit(scstr_t string, scstr_t delim, ssize_t *count);
 #define sstrsplit(s, delim, count) ucx_strsplit(SCSTR(s), SCSTR(delim), count)
 /**
  * Performing sstrsplit() using a UcxAllocator.
  *
  * <i>Read the description of sstrsplit() for details.</i>
  *
  * The memory for the sstr_t.ptr pointers of the array items and the memory for
  * the sstr_t array itself are allocated by using the UcxAllocator.malloc()
  * function.
  *
  * <b>Note:</b> the allocator is not used for memory that is freed within the
  * same call of this function (locally scoped variables).
  *
  * @param allocator the UcxAllocator used for allocating memory
  * @param string the string to split
  * @param delim  the delimiter string
  * @param count  IN: the maximum size of the resulting array (0 = no limit),
  *               OUT: the actual size of the array
  * @return a sstr_t array containing the split strings or
  *         <code>NULL</code> on error
  *
  * @see sstrsplit()
  */
 sstr_t* ucx_strsplit_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, scstr_t string, scstr_t delim,
         ssize_t *count);
 #define sstrsplit_a(a, s, d, c) ucx_strsplit_a(a, SCSTR(s), SCSTR(d, c))
 /**
  * Compares two UCX strings with standard <code>memcmp()</code>.
  *
  * At first it compares the sstr_t.length attribute of the two strings. The
  * <code>memcmp()</code> function is called, if and only if the lengths match.
  *
  * @param s1 the first string
  * @param s2 the second string
  * @return -1, if the length of s1 is less than the length of s2 or 1, if the
  * length of s1 is greater than the length of s2 or the result of
  * <code>memcmp()</code> otherwise (i.e. 0 if the strings match)
  */
 int ucx_strcmp(scstr_t s1, scstr_t s2);
 #define sstrcmp(s1, s2) ucx_strcmp(SCSTR(s1), SCSTR(s2))
 /**
  * Compares two UCX strings ignoring the case.
  *
  * At first it compares the sstr_t.length attribute of the two strings. If and
  * only if the lengths match, both strings are compared char by char ignoring
  * the case.
  *
  * @param s1 the first string
  * @param s2 the second string
  * @return -1, if the length of s1 is less than the length of s2 or 1, if the
  * length of s1 is greater than the length of s2 or the difference between the
  * first two differing characters otherwise (i.e. 0 if the strings match and
  * no characters differ)
  */
 int ucx_strcasecmp(scstr_t s1, scstr_t s2);
 #define sstrcasecmp(s1, s2) ucx_strcasecmp(SCSTR(s1), SCSTR(s2))
 /**
  * Creates a duplicate of the specified string.
  *
  * The new sstr_t will contain a copy allocated by standard
  * <code>malloc()</code>. So developers <b>MUST</b> pass the sstr_t.ptr to
  * <code>free()</code>.
  *
  * The sstr_t.ptr of the return value will <i>always</i> be <code>NULL</code>-
  * terminated and mutable.
  *
  * @param string the string to duplicate
  * @return a duplicate of the string
  * @see sstrdup_a()
  */
 sstr_t scstrdup(scstr_t string);
 #define sstrdup(s) scstrdup(SCSTR(s))
 /**
  * Creates a duplicate of the specified string using a UcxAllocator.
  *
  * The new sstr_t will contain a copy allocated by the allocators
  * ucx_allocator_malloc function. So it is implementation depended, whether the
  * returned sstr_t.ptr pointer must be passed to the allocators
  * ucx_allocator_free function manually.
  *
  * The sstr_t.ptr of the return value will <i>always</i> be <code>NULL</code>-
  * terminated.
  *
  * @param allocator a valid instance of a UcxAllocator
  * @param string the string to duplicate
  * @return a duplicate of the string
  * @see sstrdup()
  */
 sstr_t scstrdup_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, scstr_t string);
 #define sstrdup_a(allocator, s) scstrdup_a(allocator, SCSTR(s))
 size_t ucx_strtrim(const char *str, size_t length, size_t *newlen);
 /**
  * Omits leading and trailing spaces.
  *
  * This function returns a new sstr_t containing a trimmed version of the
  * specified string.
  *
  * <b>Note:</b> the new sstr_t references the same memory, thus you
  * <b>MUST NOT</b> pass the sstr_t.ptr of the return value to
  * <code>free()</code>. It is also highly recommended to avoid assignments like
  * <code>mystr = sstrtrim(mystr);</code> as you lose the reference to the
  * source string. Assignments of this type are only permitted, if the
  * sstr_t.ptr of the source string does not need to be freed or if another
  * reference to the source string exists.
  *
  * @param string the string that shall be trimmed
  * @return a new sstr_t containing the trimmed string
  */
 sstr_t sstrtrim(sstr_t string);
 scstr_t scstrtrim(scstr_t string);
 /**
  * Checks, if a string has a specific prefix.
  * @param string the string to check
  * @param prefix the prefix the string should have
  * @return 1, if and only if the string has the specified prefix, 0 otherwise
  */
 int ucx_strprefix(scstr_t string, scstr_t prefix);
 #define sstrprefix(string, prefix) ucx_strprefix(SCSTR(string), SCSTR(prefix))
 /**
  * Checks, if a string has a specific suffix.
  * @param string the string to check
  * @param suffix the suffix the string should have
  * @return 1, if and only if the string has the specified suffix, 0 otherwise
  */
 int ucx_strsuffix(scstr_t string, scstr_t suffix);
 #define sstrsuffix(string, prefix) ucx_strsuffix(SCSTR(string), SCSTR(prefix))
 /**
  * Returns a lower case version of a string.
  *
  * This function creates a duplicate of the input string, first. See the
  * documentation of sstrdup() for the implications.
  *
  * @param string the input string
  * @return the resulting lower case string
  * @see sstrdup()
  */
 sstr_t ucx_strlower(scstr_t string);
 #define sstrlower(string) ucx_strlower(SCSTR(string))
 /**
  * Returns a lower case version of a string.
  *
  * This function creates a duplicate of the input string, first. See the
  * documentation of sstrdup_a() for the implications.
  *
  * @param allocator the allocator used for duplicating the string
  * @param string the input string
  * @return the resulting lower case string
  * @see sstrdup_a()
  */
 sstr_t ucx_strlower_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, scstr_t string);
 #define sstrlower_a(allocator, string) ucx_strlower_a(allocator, SCSTR(string))
 /**
  * Returns a upper case version of a string.
  *
  * This function creates a duplicate of the input string, first. See the
  * documentation of sstrdup() for the implications.
  *
  * @param string the input string
  * @return the resulting upper case string
  * @see sstrdup()
  */
 sstr_t ucx_strupper(scstr_t string);
 #define sstrupper(string) ucx_strupper(SCSTR(string))
 /**
  * Returns a upper case version of a string.
  *
  * This function creates a duplicate of the input string, first. See the
  * documentation of sstrdup_a() for the implications.
  *
  * @param allocator the allocator used for duplicating the string
  * @param string the input string
  * @return the resulting upper case string
  * @see sstrdup_a()
  */
 sstr_t ucx_strupper_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, scstr_t string);
 #define sstrupper_a(allocator, string) ucx_strupper_a(allocator, string)
 #ifdef	__cplusplus
 }
 #endif
 #endif	/* UCX_STRING_H */

Mercurial > hg > ucx / annotate

src/ucx/string.h@be0f6bd10b52 (annotated)

src/ucx/string.h